Technical SEO is the foundation: content cannot rank if crawlers cannot reach, render or trust it. Work through this list from top to bottom — the first items can block everything else.
1. Crawling & indexing (blockers)
The home page returns HTTP 200 and is not noindex.
robots.txt does not block the site, CSS or JavaScript, and lists your sitemap.
Important pages are indexable; thin or private pages are intentionally noindex.
Missing URLs return a real 404 or 410, not a “soft 404” with status 200.
2. One version of every page
HTTPS everywhere with a valid certificate; http:// redirects with a single 301.
Choose www or non-www and redirect the other.
Self-referencing canonical tags on every indexable page; canonicals point to 200 URLs.